SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOGH

FORM	FUNCTION
So+adjetive/adverb	We use so with nouns to mean very, really, or, extremely.
Such+adjective+noun	We use such with adjectives and adverbs to mean very, really, or extremely.
So/such…that..	We use a that clause after so and such to show results or consequences.
Too+adjective/adverb	We use too with adjectives and adverbs to say that there is more of something tan we need or want.
Not+adjective/adverb+enough	We use not..enough with adjectives and adverbs to say that there is less of something than we need or want.
Too/(not)…..enough…to	We use and infinitive clause after too and (not).. enough to show results or consequences.

EXAMPLES

The weather is so hot today

El clima está muy caliente hoy

Has such an interesting character.

Tiene un personaje tan interesante.

                  

The movie was so interesting that I watched it twice.

La película fue tan interesante que la vi dos veces.

 

You`re speaking too fast. Can you speak more slowly, please?

Estás hablando demasiado rápido. ¿Puedes hablar más lento, por favor?

It`s not quiet enough to study in here.

No es suficiente estudiar aquí.

There isn’t enogh time to see the show.

No hay suficiente tiempo para ver el show.

The bed was too big to fit in the room.

La cama era demasiado grande para caber en la habitación.

VIDEO

WAS/WERE GOING TO AND/ WERE SUPOPSED TO

Function
We use going to in the past to talk about plans and intentions that didn¨t happen.
We use supposed to in the past to talk about things we were expected to do but didn¨t do.

FUNCION
Usamos ir al pasado para hablar sobre planes e intenciones que no sucedieron.
Utilizamos supuesta mente en el pasado para hablar sobre cosas que se esperaba que hiciéramos pero no hicimos

FORM

was/were going to+base form
I was going to call you. We weren¨t going to come but we changed.
was.
was/were supposed to + base form
You were supposed to copy Valeri in on all the emails.

Examples

We were going to spend our anniversary in the cottage in Wales where we had our honeymoon, but it was already booked.

Íbamos a pasar nuestro aniversario en la cabaña en Gales donde pasamos nuestra luna de miel, pero ya estaba reservada.

Sorry, I was going to call you back last night, but I didnʼt get home until late.

Lo siento, iba a llamarte anoche, pero no llegué a casa hasta tarde.

Tom was supposed to book the cottage months ago, but he forgot.

Se suponía que Tom debía reservar la cabaña hace meses, pero

el se olvido.

I was supposed to call you back, wasnʼt I? Sorry, Leo, I was out all day.
Se suponía que debía llamarte, ¿no? Lo siento, Leo, yo
estuvo fuera todo el día.

SHOULD/SHOULDN¨T HAVE

Function

we use the perfect modal should/shouldn¨t have to critize of express regret about things that people did or didn¨t do in the past.

utilizamos el modal perfecto que no deberia / deberiamos criticar de arrepentimiento expreso sobre cosas que las personas hicieron o no hicieron en el pasado.

Form

 


  

  

Should have + past participle

  

  

i/he/she/we/you/they
  should have gone to the doctor.

 

  

  

Shouldn¨t have+past
  participle

  

  

i/he/she/we/you/they
  shouldn¨t have been rude to the store assistant-

 

Examples

I should have bought more water

Debería haber comprado más agua

You should have listened to me

Deberías haberme escuchado

I should have done more research

Debería haber hecho más investigación

She shouldn¨t have drunk so much wine

Ella no debería haber bebido tanto vino

We shouldn¨t have driving during the storm

No deberíamos haber conducido durante la tormenta

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

FORM

Defining relative clauses Do not need commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence	The movie which/that we saw last week was directed by Martin Scorsese.
Come after the noun they refer to.	The director who/that won the award wasn¨t at the ceremony
Can use which/that to refer to things. Can use who/that to refer to people. Can use where to refer to places.	We stayed in the place where we had our
Subject and object relative clauses	Honeymoon
A noun can either be the subject or the object of a defining relative clause.	The actress who wore the exquisite dress at the end of the movie is a model. (subject)
When the noun is the object of the relative clause, the relative pronoun can be left out.	The dress (that/which) the actress wore at the end of the movie is exquisite (object)

Function
A defining relative clause gives us extra information about a noun. It cannot be removed from the sentence without effecting the basic meaning.

Una cláusula relativa definitoria nos da información adicional sobre un sustantivo. No se puede eliminar de la oración sin afectar el significado básico.

EXAMPLES

ESPAÑOL

1.Un hotel es un lugar donde las personas se quedan cuando están de vacaciones

2.¿Cuál es el nombre de la mujer que vive en esa casa?

3.camarero es una persona cuyo trabajo es servir a los clientes en un restaurante.puntuación.

4.Los monos son ropas que las personas usan para proteger su ropa cuando están trabajando.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Form

Function
A non-defining relative clause gives us extra information about a noun.

We already know which person or thing we are refering to.

The relative clause be removed from the sentence without effecting the basic meaning.

Función

Una cláusula relativa no definitoria nos da información adicional sobre un sustantivo.Ya sabemos a qué persona o cosa nos referimos.

La cláusula relativa se eliminará de la oración sin afectar el significado básico.

EXAMPLES

Gabriela, who is a nurse, is going to Chicago next summer.

Gabriela, quien es enfermera, va a ir a Chicago el próximo verano

Brenda's brother, whose wife works for Google, is looking for another job.

El hermano de Brenda, cuya esposa trabaja para Google, esta buscando otro empleo.

My desktop computer, which is a DELL, wasn't very exepensive.

Mi computadora de escritorio, la cual es una DELL, no fué muy cara.

The nightclub downtown, where I met my new girlfriend, is being remodeled.

El club nocturno, donde conocí a mi nueva novia, está siendo remodelado

WISH AND IF ONLY IMPORTANT FOR REGRETS

FORM

Subject+wish+past perfect	·         I wish I had learned top lay a musical instrument when I was younger. ·         I wish I had been more adventurous. ·         I definitely wish I hadn¨t smoked.
If only+subject+past perfect	·         If only I had changed careers years ago.

FUNCTION
We use wish/if only+past perfect to talk about things we would like to change about the past.


Usamos deseo / si solo + pasado perfecto para hablar sobre cosas que nos gustaría cambiar sobre el pasado.

EXAMPLES

I wish you wouldn’t arrive so late always. (Desearía que no llegaras siempre tarde).

1. 
2. If only she had listened to what his friends had been telling her. (Si tan solo hubiera escuchado lo que sus amigos le estuvieron diciendo).
3. 
4. I wish you were here. (Desearía que estés aquí).
5. 
6. I wish it rained more often in Greece. (Desearía que llueva más seguido en Grecia).
7. 
8. I wish we could be friends. (Desearía que pudiéramos ser amigos).
9. 
10. If only I had more time for my hobbies. (Si tan solo tuviera más tiempo para mis pasatiempos).
11. 
12. VIDEO WISH AND IF ONLY FOR REGRETS
13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fa4fTVzsqyU
14. 
    

INFINITIVE CLAUSES WITH IMPERSONAL IT
FUNCTION
We use its (not)+adjetive+infinitive clause when we want to use the adjetive to describe an action or situation.
This means the same as using the gerund as a subject.
It¨s important to eat properly=Eating properly is important.

Usamos su cláusula (no) + adjetivo + infinitivo cuando queremos usar el anuncio para describir una acción o situación.Esto significa lo mismo que usar el gerundio como sujeto.




Es importante comer adecuadamente =Comer adecuadamente es importante.

FORM

Its (not)	adjetive	Infinitive clause
Its	Important	Toe at properly
	Good	To get in shape
	Better	To speak to a profesional
	essential	To get some sleep

EXAMPLES
Its essential to do the homework


Its important to go to the university every day

its necesary to read every day

its better to study for the exam

EJEMPLOS
Es necesario hacer la tarea
Es importante ir a la universidad todos los dias
Es necesario leer todos los dias
Es mejor estudiar para el examen
VIDEO INFINITIVE CLAUSES WITH PERSONAL IT